Patient Centricity includes initially, patients need ethical and sustained relationship which reflects in how to develop medicines and not treating patients as transient commodities but are an integral and valuable partner in the process. Secondly, patients expect to be treated with respect for who they are and the feedback they give. Credible medical information has been reduced or removed many of the barriers. Physicians and pharmaceutical companies no longer have exclusive access to information regarding diseases and medical conditions enabling even those patients with the highest respect for their physicians to undertake their own layman’s research, supplementing physician-provided information.

• Clinical Development
• Research and Discovery
• Open Communication Channels

An adaptive clinical trial defines a clinical trial that evaluates a medical device or treatment by observing possibly other measures, such as side-effects on a prescribed schedule, and modification of the parameters of trial protocol in accordance with those observations. Generally, the adaptation process continues throughout the trial, as prescribed in the trial protocol. Modified dosage, sample size, drug undergoing trial, patient selection criteria are included.  Trials become an ongoing process which regularly adds therapies and patient groups as more information is gained.  The trial protocol set before the trial begins and the protocol specifies before the adaptation schedule and processes.

• Estimating treatment effects
• Trial planning
• Maintaining trial conduct and integrity

Clinical trials are key for bringing out newer and better drugs to serve the mankind. It is the most expensive and time consuming component of a new drug development process. Currently, scientific era & research is taking a major stride in all streams and newer and better drugs are being introduced to cure ailments, which are difficult to treat. Although the conduct of clinical trials is governed by a set of well-defined guidelines to be followed, it is still looked upon as an area of humanitarian concern at times. As the patients are the key for every clinical research project, the focus of all the clinical research guidelines is towards protecting the rights and following the guidelines, safety and well-being of study subjects.

• Post trial access
• Drug Marketing
• Clinical Trial Diversity

A comprehensive data strategy states only large organizations can afford as it is critical for developing a governed data flow and prioritization strategy. Data strategy helps to focus the organization on the most immediate needs which will deliver the value quickly to end users. As software technology enabled data services provider, eCS clients shared the challenges and data chaos that comes with having numerous CROs and data source providers. A formalized data strategy help with these challenges ensuring organizations and gain control of the data that they are investing tremendous resources in.

• Clinical Data Management
• Automation
• Analytics

Independent and methodological review of clinical research activities and documents to determine whether the activities related to the establishment and monitoring of this clinical research were conducted, if the data were collected, analyzed and reported in compliance with the protocol, standardized operating procedures. System audits should be of a reasonable size and easily manageable with the resources provided (can be managed). Audits must be organized and conducted in such a way that they generate in acceptable results. Most importantly, do not downgrade your audit program, leave windows for non programmed audits.

• Pre-study Qualification Visit
• Monitoring of Clinical Trials
• Auditing of Clinical Trials

The cost and complexity of clinical trials have grown dramatically in recent years. One third of study's cost can be attributed to the traditional on-site review of trial data. This approach, heavily reliant on exhaustive source data verification, has proven to be not only resource-intensive, but limited in its ability to identify and prevent issues. Efficient monitoring is critical to protect the well-being of trial participants and to maintain the integrity of final results, it is generally accepted that the process for clinical trial monitoring needs to change.

• Data Integrity
• Detection of Critical Data and Processes
• Risk Assessment

The scope for oncology research is always high, and clinical trial designs, study designs are increasing in complexity. Currently, reports indicate that the success rate of investigational compounds approved for clinical use in cancer is the lowest among all diseases, and the likelihood of approval for oncology drugs got tested in Phase I trials is only 6.7 percent. There are significant variations of clinical trials in oncology. The differences understood to improve both the impact of cancer research on clinical practice and the use of constrained resources.

• Cancer subtypes
• Creation of oncology study data
• Systematic evaluation

Medical imaging is the process used to make images of the body parts for medical uses to identify or to study diseases. There are millions of imaging processes done every week around the globe. Medical imaging is developing rapidly due to development in image processing techniques which includes image recognition, analysis, and enhancement. Image processing increases the percentage of tissues identified and also amount of detected tissues. The application of image analysis techniques in this field summarizes how to exemplify image interpretation challenges using different image processing algorithms such as k-means, ROI-based segmentation, and watershed techniques.

• Digital Image Processing
• Medical Imaging Systems
• Image Processing Techniques

Post marketing surveillance is monitoring the safety of a pharmaceutical drug and medical device after the release in the market and is a key part of the science of pharmacovigilance. Since drugs and medical devices are accepted and approved on the basis of clinical trials, which involves relatively small numbers of people that they normally do not have other medical conditions which exists in the general population and post marketing surveillance can further refine, or confirm and the safety of a drug or device after it is used in the general population by large numbers of people who have a wide medical conditions.

• Pharmacovigilance
• Marketing Authorization
• Strategy and Drug Research